Overview
What’s in a Name?
Author: Vicky Xiong-Lor
Grades: 11-12
Suggested Amount of Time: 45-60 minutes
Area of Study: Hmong Ways of Knowing
Compelling Question
How do we understand the varied worldviews of peoples in Hmong communities?
Lesson Questions
- Why are people who they are, and why do they do what they do?
- What external forces shape people’s lives and make them who they are?
Lesson Objective
Students will have a better understanding of the story behind their name and be able to describe themselves and their various intersecting identities.
Lesson Background
A student’s name is how he/she/they is introduced into the world at birth and is one way they will come to be known in society. Factors in one's culture and their environment will also influence how they grow and who they identify with and become. Everyone has a name and names are tied to one’s identity and have meanings. The poem, “My Name is Maiv Neeb,” demonstrates the significance of Mai Neng’s name as tied to the history of Hmong people’s migration and life as refugees in the United States. Mai Neng’s name has deep cultural, social, political and religious meaning. This poem also explores how political and societal factors impact the ways individuals pronounce and understand her name.
Image Citation: Xiong, V. (2023). [Image of author Mai Neng Vang of poem “My Name is Mai Neng” for Hmong for Biden Celebration].
Skills
Ethnic Studies Theme
This lesson connects to the ethnic studies theme of identity from the Asian American Studies Curriculum Framework (Asian American Research Initiative, 2022). Students will explore their own identities, as well as the ways that society engages in stereotyping and discrimination. Students consider multiple aspects of how family and culture shape perceived and experienced identity. Educators may enhance this lesson by incorporating a deeper examination of Intersectionality and its relationship to power and oppressions.
For additional guidance around ethnic studies implementation, refer to the Ethnic Studies Model Curriculum (2021)\ https://www.cde.ca.gov/ci/cr/cf/esmc.asp.
Materials
Supplies
- Access to laptop device
- Teacher slidedeck (optional)
- Journal for note-taking
- Audio or video recording applications
Video
- 3 HMONG TV | Mai Neng Vang poem for Hmong for Biden Celebration on YouTube
Handouts
- My Name is Mai Neeb Poem
- Poem Rubric
- Link to all handouts: https://ucdavis.box.com/s/3r2oq37dzo043kk4s3thk0qw0awdn9we
Procedures
Introduction: Use the recommended slide texts below to create a slidedeck or teachers may access the lesson slidedeck here and modify as needed: https://ucdavis.box.com/s/iw3gde07ratagypctti2u6fnsyur7921.
- Anticipatory Set: (15 minutes)
- “What's in a Name” Discussion: The teacher will ask the students to consider the origins and backgrounds of their name. Some probing questions may include: How each of them got their names? Who they were named after, and why? For students who might not know or have access to this familial knowledge, they can research name meanings online or create their own. (Allow students to talk about their preferred names as opposed to their legal given names if they feel more comfortable.)
- The teacher will have students talk in groups of three or four about their names using the following question prompts:
- Group Introductions:
- In your groups, tell us how you got your name.
- What is the literal meaning of your name?
- What is the real meaning behind your name?
- Were you named after someone, if so, do you know why?
- Why do you think your parents/guardians gave you your name?
- How do you feel about your name?
- If you could choose your own name, what would that name be?
- Next, students will share their stories about how they each were named to the whole class. After student volunteers have shared out, the teacher will ask, “Has anyone made fun of his/her name?” Students will be asked to share in groups before sharing out.
- Follow up question to consider: Why do you think some people make fun of other people’s names?
- Teachers will allow students who feel comfortable to share out to the whole class. Then the teacher will show the video below.
- Have students watch the video: 3 HMONG TV | Mai Neng Vang poem for Hmong for Biden Celebration (3:57 minutes) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J7WPAgF5N2U.
- As students watch, ask them to consider and be ready to share the following:
- What connections can be made between Mai Neng Vang and your personal experiences?
- What are some wonderings you have as you watch the clip?
- As students watch, ask them to consider and be ready to share the following:
- Explore and Analyze:
- Students will need to take out their journal or a piece of paper alongside a printed copy of the poem, “My Name is Mai Neeb” Poem (see Handout pages 1 & 2 https://ucdavis.box.com/s/3r2oq37dzo043kk4s3thk0qw0awdn9we) for each student to annotate to answer the following discussion questions:
- First Read: Teacher to read the poem aloud to the class. Then, have students discuss with a partner what their overall impression and understanding was of the poem. Have students share any terms that were unfamiliar to them, and define them.
- Second Read: Have students re-read the poem with a partner and answer the following prompts:
- While listening to the poem, what is a phrase that stood out for you and why did that stand out for you?
- What is a word that really jumps out at you from the phrase you selected and why? Highlight any golden lines or words.
- Third Read: The final read is for students to do independently. Have them answer the following prompts independently first.
- Share with a partner what you have learned about Mai Neeb from listening to her name story.
- Name some of the cultural aspects of Hmong culture that you learned from the video. What questions do you have about what she talked about?
- Why did the lady misunderstand Mai Neeb’s name?
- What are your thoughts or opinions about this poem?
- Have students share in groups again what they wrote on their paper or journal.
- Reflection and Apply:
- Before jumping into the assessment, have small groups discuss the following questions and allow for class share out:
- If names are one way we are given an identity and our identity is introduced to the world, how else do we become who we are?
- What do you do when you want to know who someone really is? How do you get to know someone’s identity?
- Ask students to list out adjectives or traits that would describe who they are if their name were to be put in a Google Search.
- As a class, brainstorm a list of what types of things determine someone’s identity. Record these ideas, or categories, on the board. Inform students to draw from these categories for their assessment process. Examples might include:
- Religious/spiritual affiliation
- Culture, race, ethnicity
- Appearance/style
- Language or nationality
- Hobbies/interests
- Gender
- Beliefs and values
- Personality traits
- Before jumping into the assessment, have small groups discuss the following questions and allow for class share out:
- Closure and Assessment:
- Teacher will direct students to create a narrative through a poem or recording (audio/video) describing who they are. Allow students to get creative and add visual aides to their poems (paper or digital) to illustrate their identity.
- Lastly, have students share their poems. Sharing can be done in a Give One/Get One, Lines of Communication, or sharing the video recordings on an application
- Teachers can use the sample Poem Rubric (see Handout page 3) to assess students’ poems (modify as needed).
- Optional: Teachers may share this “I Am” poem written by Dr. Vicky Xiong-Lor as an example:
- I am a Hmong daughter, wife, mother, teacher, and I have a beautiful soul
- I am the oldest in the family, hardworking, funny, kind, successful, caring, and a person who loves to read!
- I am short, imperfect, and enjoy the outdoors.
- I am loved by so many and I am privileged in the world.
- I am blessed and I love life!
- I am the change agent for more people than I know.
- Optional: Teachers may share this “I Am” poem written by Dr. Vicky Xiong-Lor as an example:
Assessments
Students will produce a narrative about their intersecting identities, their cultural practices, and familial upbringings that have influenced them. Students can choose from one of the following options:
- Write an “I Am Poem”
- Audio or video-record a short narrative (two to three minutes)
Scaffolds
- Engagement: Consider the following method to support with lesson engagement:
- Vary the social demands required for learning or performance, the perceived level of support and protection and the requirements for public display and evaluation
- Representation: Consider the following method to support with multiple means of representation:
- Anchor instruction by linking to and activating relevant prior knowledge (e.g., using visual imagery, concept anchoring, or concept mastery routines)
- Action and Expression: Consider the following method to support in presenting their learning in multiple ways:
- Provide checklists and project planning templates for understanding the problem, setting up prioritization, sequences, and schedules of steps
- Provide differentiated models to emulate (i.e. models that demonstrate the same outcomes but use differing approaches, strategies, skills, etc.)
For additional ideas to support your students, check out the UDL Guidelines at CAST (2018) http://udlguidelines.cast.org.
Multilingual Learner Supports
- Emerging: Consider the following method to support with emerging students:
- Writing: Require vocabulary notebooks with non-linguistic representations or L1 translations
- During integrated ELD, teachers may sometimes offer strategic primary language support for EL students who are newcomers or at the earliest level of Emerging proficiency.
- Writing: Require vocabulary notebooks with non-linguistic representations or L1 translations
- Expanding: Consider the following method to support with expanding students:
- Writing: Provide rubrics and exemplars to scaffold writing assignments
- Students investigate how authors of stories invite readers to make inferences about characters by showing what the character does instead of simply telling how the character is feeling.
- Writing: Provide rubrics and exemplars to scaffold writing assignments
- Bridging: Consider the following method to support with bridging students:
- Writing: Hold frequent writing conferences with teacher and peers
- Teacher works collaboratively with students to scaffold writing before they write independently. Teacher uses students’ understanding of narrative stages, specific vocabulary, and grammatical structures while questioning for precision.
- Writing: Hold frequent writing conferences with teacher and peers
For additional guidance around scaffolding for multilingual learners, please consult the following resources:
- English Learner Toolkit of Strategies, https://ucdavis.box.com/s/ujkdc2xp1dqjzrlq55czph50c3sq1ngu
- Providing Appropriate Scaffolding, https://www.sdcoe.net/educators/multilingual-education-and-global-achievement/oracy-toolkit/providing-appropriate-scaffolding#scaffolding
- Strategies for ELD, https://ucdavis.box.com/s/dcp15ymah51uwizpmmt2vys5zr2r5reu
- ELA / ELD Framework, https://www.caeducatorstogether.org/resources/6537/ela-eld-framework
- California ELD Standards, https://ucdavis.box.com/s/vqn43cd632z22p8mfzn2h7pntc71kb02
Enrichment
- For extension, ask students to reflect on this activity using the following prompts:
- How does your mock online search page answer the question, “Who am I?”
- In what ways do you think this activity failed to capture aspects of your identity?
- What characteristics do you think are important to your identity?
- During the Reflection and Apply sequence, students can be encouraged to utilize images to help visualize and draw inspiration for their own narrative about their name story. Visuals can depict actual events, objects, and/or emotions that are associated with their own lived experiences. These visuals can help students generate and create their narrative and narrative progression.
- World Cafe Discussion - The World Cafe discussion can be incorporated into the “My Name, My Identity Campaign” to delve into students’ individual names, fostering a sense of belonging and building positive relationships in the classroom, which are crucial for healthy social, psychological, and educational outcomes. The site for the campaign can be found at “The My Name, My Identity Campaign” (https://www.mynamemyidentity.org/).
- Teachers can also refer to additional resources and activities around cross-cultural understanding, identity and names, and poetry in the Supplementary Sources section.
Works Cited
Asian American Initiative. 2022. Asian American studies K-12 framework. https://asianamericanresearchinitiative.org/asian-american-studies-curriculum-framework/
Britt, K. 2020, May 11. English learner toolkit of strategies. California County Superintendents. https://cacountysupts.org/english-learner-toolkit-of-strategies/
California Department of Education. 2021. Ethnic studies model curriculum. https://www.cde.ca.gov/ci/cr/cf/esmc.asp
California Department of Education & English Learner Support Division. 2012. California English Language Development standards (Electronic Edition) kindergarten through grade 12 (F. Ong & J. McLean, Eds.). California Department of Education. https://www.cde.ca.gov/sp/el/er/documents/eldstndspublication14.pdf
California Educators Together. (n.d.). ELA / ELD framework. https://www.caeducatorstogether.org/resources/6537/ela-eld-framework
CAST. 2018. The UDL guidelines. http://udlguidelines.cast.org
3 HMONG TV - TWIN CITIES HMONG TELEVISION. 2021, March 24. Mai Neng Vang poem for Biden Celebration [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J7WPAgF5N2U
San Diego County Office of Education. (n.d.). Providing appropriate scaffolding. https://www.sdcoe.net/educators/multilingual-education-and-global-achievement/oracy-toolkit/providing-appropriate-scaffolding#scaffolding
Tulare County Office of Education. (n.d.). Strategies for ELD. https://commoncore.tcoe.org/Content/Public/doc/Alpha-CollectionofELDStrategies.pdf
Supplementary Sources
Aronhime, R., Bennhold-Samaan, L., Coratti, N., Lazar, C., Flaccus, T. T., McGinnis, J. R., & Williams, K. (2010). Building bridges: A Peace Corps classroom guide to cross-cultural understanding. Peace Corps. https://files.peacecorps.gov/wws/pdf/BuildingBridges.pdf
Facing History & Ourselves. 2019, August 29. Choosing names. Facing History & Ourselves. https://www.facinghistory.org/resource-library/choosing-names
Pronounce Names. (n.d.). Pronounce Names. http://www.pronouncenames.com/
Read, Write, Think. (n.d.). April is national poetry month!. NCTE. Accessed on November 3, 2023 https://www.readwritethink.org/classroom-resources/calendar-activities/april-national-poetry-month
Santa Clara County Office of Education. (n.d.). My name, my identity campaign. https://www.mynamemyidentity.org/
Teaching for Justice. (n.d.). Social justice standards. https://www.learningforjustice.org/frameworks/social-justice-standards